◇ 0xNull

Declaration

A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace

John Perry Barlow

8 February 1996

Editorial introduction

Barlow contests the application of territorial state authority to online communities. He argues that those communities should develop their own norms and mechanisms for resolving conflict, and connects freedom of expression to an internet that crosses physical borders.

Read this as an influential political declaration rather than a description of legal immunity. Its optimism about self-governance offers a useful comparison with Hughes’s emphasis on building systems and May’s predictions about markets. The source dates it to the day of the US Telecommunications Act in 1996.

A question to take into the text

How should communities govern themselves when their members live across many jurisdictions?

Source & permissions

Read the source · EFF · John Perry Barlow Library ↗

Source reviewed 2026-09-27. Editorial summary only in this edition; read the complete declaration at the attributed source.

The full work is not mirrored here. The introduction above is 0xNull editorial commentary, not the author’s own words.

Continue the thread